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Definition of Protonema
1. n. The primary growth from the spore of a moss, usually consisting of branching confervoid filaments, on any part of which stem and leaf buds may be developed.
Definition of Protonema
1. Noun. (botany) A filament of cells that forms following the germination of the spores of mosses and liverworts ¹
¹ Source: wiktionary.com
Definition of Protonema
1. [n -MATA]
Lexicographical Neighbors of Protonema
Literary usage of Protonema
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. Organography of Plants, Especially of the Archegoniata and Spermaphyta by Karl Goebel, Isaac Bayley Balfour (1905)
"But the rhizoids are only a part of the protonema, and with that portion of it
... The oblique position of the wall in the hypogeous protonema is simply a ..."
2. Handbook of Practical Botany for the Botanical Laboratory and Private Student by Eduard Strasburger (1889)
"B, part of a developed protonema, about three weeks after germinating ; h, ...
The near relationship of rhizoids and protonema is shown also in the ..."
3. Mosses with Hand-lens and Microscope: A Non-technical Hand-book of the More by Abel Joel Grout (1903)
"This is known as the protonema and very closely resembles several species of algae.
protonema may be obtained for study by sowing spores on moist soil or on ..."
4. Applied Biology: An Elementary Textbook and Laboratory Guide by Maurice Alpheus Bigelow, Anna Nieglieh Bigelow (1911)
"The protonema, then, is a sort of creeping stem able to produce erect branches.
... H, spore (s) germinating to form a protonema. (After Parker, Strasburger ..."
5. The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and (1910)
"A filamentous protonema is first developed, some of the branches of which are
exposed ... The protonema is always a well-marked stage in the life-history. ..."
6. Text-book of Botany: Morphological and Physiological by Julius Sachs (1875)
"The aerial root-hairs may, however, not only produce a protonema ... Even the
leaves of many Mosses produce a protonema, their cells simply growing, ..."
7. The Encyclopedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and by Hugh Chisholm (1910)
"A filamentous protonema is first developed, some of the branches of which arc
exposed to the light and contain abundant chlorophyll, while others penetrate ..."
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