Medical Definition of Acute myelogenous leukaemia

1. A rapidly progressing cancer of the blood affecting immature cells of the bone marrow, usually of the white cell population. It is much more common in adults than in children. Symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, fevers, weakness, pallor, bone pains, bleeding gums, nosebleeds, easy bruising, enlarged lymph nodes and joint pains. Treatment includes chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplant. This leukaemia demonstrates granulocyte differentiation, eosinophilia and Auer rods and is associated with a reciprocal translocation between 8 and 21 (q22;q22), which is the most common translocation in acute myeloid leukaemia and is found more often in younger patients than in older patients. The oncogene involved in this translocation is AML1, which can be detected by Southern blot. Numerical abnormalities, particularly monosomy-7, trisomy-4, trisomy-8, trisomy-21, -Y, monosomy-7 and deletions of the long arms of chromosomes 5 and 7 are quite common in all acute myeloid leukaemia and not restricted to any one FAB classification. Many of these abnormalities are observed at diagnosis and at later stage disease, particularly after chemotherapy. Prognosis is generally more favorable than in FAB-M2 patients showing no translocation, because the latter patients show better remission rates for longer periods of time. Immunophenotyping is useful in diagnosis and expression of one or more of the myeloid antigens CD13, CD14 or CD33 must be detected to make a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia. Acronym: AML Incidence: 2,000 new cases per year in the UK. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (07 Apr 1998)

Lexicographical Neighbors of Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia

acute leukemia
acute lobar nephrosis
acute lower GI haemorrhage
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
acute lymphocytic leukaemia
acute lymphocytic leukemia
acute malaria
acute mania
acute membranous gingivitis
acute miliary tuberculosis
acute monocytic leukaemia
acute mountain sickness
acute myeloblastic leukaemia
acute myelocytic leukemia
acute myelogenous leukaemia (current term)
acute myeloid leukaemia
acute myeloid leukemia
acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
acute necrotizing encephalitis
acute necrotizing haemorrhagic encephalomyelitis
acute necrotizing haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
acute nephritic syndrome
acute nephritis
acute nephrosis
acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia
acute organic brain syndrome
acute pancreatitis

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